{"id":34792,"date":"2023-09-05T08:46:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T08:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labayh.net\/?p=34792"},"modified":"2023-08-02T13:52:14","modified_gmt":"2023-08-02T13:52:14","slug":"accept-failure-start-over","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/labayh.net\/ar\/accept-failure-start-over\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0634\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> (Wilson et al., 2019)  \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 15% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 85%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 100%\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> (Zhou et al., 2020) \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/a> (Harper, 2019) “\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

“\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064b”. <\/strong> \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> (Nelson et al., 2018) \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c  \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: “\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0644”\u060c \u0623\u0648 “\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0643<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u060c<\/strong> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> (Breines et al., 2012) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627: “\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644”\u060c \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0643<\/a> \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0626\u0630\u064d \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u061f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          “\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627”.  – \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0647\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623\u062a\u061f\u00a0\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0645<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643. \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> (Lane et al., 2002) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 91 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u061b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            1. \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633  \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/a> (Johnson et al., 2017)\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0639\u0643 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

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                  \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  1- Nelson, N., Malkoc, S. A., & Shiv, B. (2018). \u201cEmotions know best: The Advantage of Emotional Versus Cognitive Responses to Failure<\/a>\u201d. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 31(1), 40-51.  DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdm.2042<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  2- Breines et al. “Self-compassion increases self-improvement motivation<\/a>\u201d. Personality and social psychology bulletin. May 29, 2012. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0146167212445599<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  3- Lane et al. “Coping with failure: the effects of self-esteem and coping on changes in self-efficacy<\/a>\u201d. Journal of Sport Behavior. 2002. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  4- Johnson et al. (2017). \u201cResilience to emotional distress in response to failure, error or mistakes: A systematic review<\/a>\u201d. Clinical psychology review, March 2017. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.11.007<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  5- Wilson, Robert C., et al. “The eighty-five percent rule for optimal learning<\/a>“. Nature Communications. Published: 05 November 2019. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  6- Zhou et al. “Don\u2019t be afraid to fail because you can learn from it! How intrinsic motivation leads to enhanced self-development and benevolent leadership as a boundary condition<\/a>“. Frontiers in Psychology 11 (2020): 699. Doi: 10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00699<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  7- Harper, F. (2019). \u201cCoping Skills: Tools & Techniques for Every Stressful Situation<\/a>\u201d. Microcosm Publishing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  8- 10 Healthy Ways to Cope With Failure<\/a>, verywellmind.com, retrieved on 18\/6\/2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  9- Coping with failure<\/a>, Services.unimelb.edu.au, retrieved on 18\/6\/2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  10- 10 Ways to Come Back from Failure<\/a>, psychcentral.com, retrieved on 18\/6\/2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  11- What is the fight, flight, or freeze response?<\/a> medicalnewstoday.com, retrieved on 18\/6\/2023. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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